© Tatsuru Fujita
1-1 Ichibachō, Chūō-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba-ken 260-0855, Japan
Latitude: 77° 19' 12'' S
Longitude: 39° 42' 0'' E
24 December 2004 1328 (Local Time)
Camera direction: towards NE
Image P/S code: S.13.1.1
Image I.D.: 4796
This extreme wide-angle photograph from Antarctica shows a 22° halo with two parhelia, or sun dogs, at 2 and 3 on either side. Circling the horizon and lying horizontally through the parhelia and the Sun is the parhelic circle at 4 and 5. At the top and bottom of the 22° halo are an upper tangent arc and a lower tangent arc, which extend around the 22° halo as a faint luminous curve to meet each other and form a circumscribed halo.
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This magnificent halo display was formed by the refraction and reflection of sunlight through diamond dust at an altitude of 1 100 m in Neklid, Klinovec, Ore Mountains, Czech Republic.
Such complex displays are usually observed only in polar regions, although they may occasionally occur in mountains when there are ice crystals in the air, as in this case. The dust-like specks in this photograph are in fact the diamond dust ice crystals sparkling in the sunlight.
The halos visible in this picture are: a 22° halo; a parhelic circle and parhelia; a lower tangent arc; infralateral arcs; an upper tangent arc with a suncave Parry arc; a heliac arc; a supralateral arc that touches a circumzenithal arc; and four Tape arcs (also known as 46° Parry arcs).
Some of these halo types are quite common, such as the 22° halo and the parhelia. Others, however, are less frequently seen, and some, such as the heliac arc and Tape arcs, are rarely witnessed.
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The photo shows a thin veil of Cirrostratus cloud invading from the west (right of photograph). The lack of form or detail identifies it as the species nebulosus. A small amount of Altocumulus is also visible. The main feature is a complete moderate intensity 22° solar halo, caused by solar rays passing through many randomly arranged ice crystals.
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This is an extreme wide-angle view, looking upwards, of a magnificent halo display formed by the reflection and refraction of sunlight in diamond dust at an altitude of 1 100 m in Neklid, Klinovec, Ore Mountains, Czech Republic.
Diamond dust consists of very small ice crystals in the air which are visible especially when they sparkle in the sunlight. The dust-like specks in this photograph are the diamond dust ice crystals glinting in the sunshine.
Complex halo displays like the one in this picture are usually observed only in polar regions; however, they may occasionally occur in mountains when there are ice crystals in the air.
The halos visible in this picture are, from left to right: a 22° halo; an upper tangent arc; a suncave parry arc; a supralateral arc with left and right upper Tape arcs (also known as 46° Parry arcs); a circumzenithal arc; a heliac arc together with a antisolar (or subanthelic) arc; a Wegener arc; a parhelic circle Tricker arcs; and diffuse antisolar arcs.
Some of these halo types are quite common, such as the 22° halo and circumzenithal arc. Others, however, are less frequently seen, and some, such as the heliac, antisolar, Wegener and Tricker arcs, are rarely witnessed.
Links in the image description will highlight features on the image. Mouse over the features for more detail.