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International Cloud Atlas
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Introduction
Foreword to the 2017 edition
Meteorological definition of a meteor
General classification of meteors
Hydrometeors
Lithometeors
Photometeors
Electrometeors
Clouds
Introduction and principles of cloud classification
Definition of a cloud
Appearance of clouds
Principles of cloud classification
Cloud classification summary
Cloud abbreviations and symbols
Definitions of clouds
Useful concepts
Definitions of clouds
Descriptions of clouds
Cirrus (Ci)
Cirrocumulus (Cc)
Cirrostratus (Cs)
Altocumulus (Ac)
Altostratus (As)
Nimbostratus (Ns)
Stratocumulus (Sc)
Stratus (St)
Cumulus (Cu)
Cumulonimbus (Cb)
Orographic influences on clouds
Introduction
Orographic influence on the windward side
Orographic influence on the leeward side
Upper atmospheric clouds
Nacreous clouds
Nitric acid and water polar stratospheric clouds
Noctilucent clouds (polar mesospheric clouds)
Other Meteors
Classification and symbols of meteors other than clouds
Hydrometeors
Lithometeors
Photometeors
Electrometeors
Character and intensity of precipitation
Additional symbols
Definitions and descriptions of meteors other than clouds
Hydrometeors other than clouds
Lithometeors
Photometeors
Electrometeors
Observation of meteors other than clouds from the Earth's surface
Introduction
Observation of hydrometeors other than clouds
Observation of lithometeors
Observation of photometeors
Observation of electrometeors
Observing Clouds
Observation of clouds from the earth's surface
Introduction
Identifying clouds
Total cloud cover and cloud amount
Height and altitude
Direction and speed of movement
Optical thickness
Observation of clouds from mountain stations
Observation of upper atmospheric clouds
Coding of clouds in the codes C
L
, C
M
and C
H
and corresponding symbols
Introduction of the coding of clouds
Code specifications and coding procedures
Coding instructions of clouds in the codes C
L
, C
M
and C
H
Cloud classification aids C
L
, C
M
and C
H
Cloud symbols corresponding to the C
L
, C
M
and C
H
codes
Observation of clouds from aircraft
Issues for observation of clouds from aircraft
Descriptions of clouds as observed from aircraft
Fog and haze as seen from aircraft
Images
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Glossary
Other Information
Editorial note
Appendix 1 - Etymology of latin names of clouds
Appendix 2 - Historical bibliography of cloud classification
Appendix 3 - History of cloud nomenclature
Appendix 4 - Lists of tables, figures and acronyms
History of the ICA
Foreword to the 1987 edition of volume II
Preface to the 1975 edition of volume I
Preface to the 1956 edition
Preface to the 1939 edition
Previous Editions
ICA Vol. 2 (1987 edition)
ICA Vol. 1 (1975 edition)
ICA Vol. 1 (1956 edition)
ICA (1930 edition)
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Clouds
Special Clouds and other Features
Hydrometeors
Lithometeors
Photometeors
Electrometeors
Others
Clouds
Select Cloud Genus
Cirrus(Ci)
Cirrocumulus(Cc)
Cirrostratus(Cs)
Altocumulus(Ac)
Altostratus(As)
Nimbostratus(Ns)
Stratocumulus(Sc)
Stratus(St)
Cumulus(Cu)
Cumulonimbus(Cb)
Calvus
Capillatus
Castellanus
Congestus
Fibratus
Floccus
Fractus
Humilis
Lenticularis
Mediocris
Nebulosus
Spissatus
Stratiformis
Uncinus
Volutus
Duplicatus
Intortus
Lacunosus
Opacus
Perlucidus
Radiatus
Translucidus
Undulatus
Vertebratus
Arcus
Asperitas
Cauda
Cavum
Fluctus
Flumen
Incus
Mamma
Murus
Pannus
Pileus
Praecipitatio
Tuba
Velum
Virga
Altocumulus
Altostratus
Cataractagenitus
Cirrocumulus
Cumulonimbus
Cumulus
Flamma
Homo
Nimbostratus
Silvagenitus
Stratocumulus
Altocumulus
Altostratus
Cirrocumulus
Cirrostratus
Cirrus
Cumulus
Homomutatus
Nimbostratus
Stratocumulus
Stratus
Special Clouds and other Features
Stratospheric Clouds : Polar Stratospheric Clouds (Nacreous Clouds) - Type I
Stratospheric Clouds : Polar Stratospheric Clouds (Nacreous Clouds) - Type II
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Unknown
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type I (Veils)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IIa (Bands)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IIb (Bands)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IIIa (Billows)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IIIb (Billows)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IVa (Whirls)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IVb (Whirls)
Mesospheric Clouds : Polar Mesospheric Clouds (Noctilucent Clouds) - Type IVc (Whirls)
Mesospheric Clouds : Complex Structures - O
Mesospheric Clouds : Complex Structures - S
Mesospheric Clouds : Complex Structures - P
Mesospheric Clouds : Complex Structures - V
Aircraft condensation trails (Contrails)
Asperitas
Banner cloud
Cirrus clouds formed from the spreading out of contrails
Clouds formed above large waterfalls (e.g. Victoria or Niagara Falls)
Clouds formed over forests
Aircraft dissipation trails (Distrails or 'canal clouds')
Fallstreak holes / Hole-punch clouds
Fumulus (e.g. Cumulus formed above power stations)
Horseshoe vortex
Kelvin-Helmholtz waves
Levanter (i.e. cloud that forms from the Rock of Gibralter)
Pile d'assiettes (multi- layered lenticular clouds)
Pyrocumulus (e.g. cumulus clouds formed above forest/wild fires, volcanoes)
Roll cloud (e.g. the Morning Glory)
Rotor cloud
The Table Cloth (cloud formed over Table Mountain, South Africa)
Anvil dome
Anvil rollover / mushroom
Back-sheared anvil
Barber pole
Bear's cage
Beaver's Tail
Clear slot
Collar cloud
Cumuliform anvil
Feeder (inflow) bands
Inflow stinger
Knuckles
Overshooting top
Rain foot
Rain-free base
Supercell
Tail cloud
Turkey Tower
Wall cloud
Spouts - Funnel cloud
Spouts - Tornado
Spouts - Landspout
Spouts - Waterspout
Spouts - Gustnado
Meteors other than Clouds
Advection dew
Advection fog
Advection hoar frost
Arctic sea smoke/frost smoke/steam fog
Blowing snow
Clear ice
Deposit of fog droplets
Dew proper
Diamond dust
Drifting snow
Drizzle
Fern frost/Window frost/Ice flowers
Fog
Frost flowers
Glaze
Hail
Hard rime
Hill fog/Upslope fog
Hoar frost proper
Ice fog
Ice pellets
Mist
Needle ice/frost pillars/frost column
Radiation fog
Rain
Sea fog
Shallow fog/ground fog
Small hail
Snow
Snow drift
Snow grains
Snow pellets
Snow rollers
Snowflakes/snow crystals
Soft rime
Spout
Spray
Supercooled drizzle
Supercooled rain
White dew
Blowing Dust or Sand
Drifting Dust or Sand
Dust Haze
Dust Storm or Sandstorm
Dust Whirl or Sand Whirl (Dust Devil)
Haze
Smoke
Wall of dust or sand
22-degree Halos
46-degree Halos
Anthelion
Anti-crepuscular rays
Antiselene
Bishop's ring
Brocken spectre
Circumhorizon Arcs
Circumscribed halo
Circumzenithal Arcs
Cloud shadows
Contrail shadows
Corona: lunar corona
Corona: solar corona
Crepuscular rays
Fata Morgana
Fog bow
Glory
Green flash
Halo: lunar halo
Halo: solar halo
Irrisation on clouds
Light pillar
Lowitz arcs
Mirage
Mirage: inferior
Mirage: mock mirage
Mirage: superior
Novaya Zemlya effect
Paranthelia
Parantiselenae
Paraselenae
Parhelia
Parhelic circle
Rainbow
Rainbow: Primary bow
Rainbow: red
Rainbow: reflected bows
Rainbow: reflection bows
Rainbow: secondary bow
Rainbow: spray bow
Rainbow: supernumerary bows
Rainbow: twinned bow
Scintillation
Shimmer
Subsun
Sun/moon pillars
Sundogs
Supralateral arc
Tangent Arcs
Terrestrial light pillars
Twilight colours
Twilight colours: Alpengluhen
Twilight colours: purple light
Twilight colours: twilight arch
Twilight rays
Twilight shadows
Anvil crawler
Anvil zits
Blue jets
Elves
Polar aurora
Red sprites
Saint Elmo's fire
Thunderstorm - Lightning
Thunderstorm - Thunder
Climate Classification
Select Main Climate
Equatorial (A)
Arid (B)
Warm Temperate (C)
Snow (D)
Polar (E)
Select Climate Precipitation
Desert (W)
Steppe (S)
Fully Humid (f)
Summer Dry (s)
Winter Dry (w)
Monsoonal (m)
Select Climate Temperature
Hot Arid (h)
Cold Arid (k)
Hot Summer (a)
Warm Summer (b)
Cold Summer (c)
Extremely Continental (d)
Polar Frost (F)
Polar Tundra (T)
CH Code
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CM Code
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CL Code
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